Iran's Leader Future -Nicolae Elena Ceausescu Execution
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Iran’s Leader Future -Nicolae Elena Ceausescu Execution
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1989 Romanian Revolution: In a Nutshell…
* Date of revolution:
16 Dec 1989 to 25 Dec 1989
* Major cities of violent uprising:
– Timișoara (origin), Bucharest (capital), Arad, Brașov, Târgoviște among other cities
* Consequences of revolution:
– Revolutionaries’ victory;
– Overthrow of the Socialist Republic of Romania;
– Capture and immediate execution of Nicolae Ceaușescu & Elena Ceaușescu
* Total no. of people killed (disputed):
– Figures range from 689 to 1290
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Sequence of events:
22 Dec 1989: At 2000 hrs Singapore Time (SGT), Singapore Broadcasting Corporation (formerly SBC, now known as Mediacorp) reported via its 8pm Chinese TV News bulletin that the State Chairman (President) of Romania – Nicolae Ceaușescu – had fled abroad, probably to China or Iran. This news report was later confirmed to be untrue. At no time during the Romanian Revolution did Nicolae & Elena Ceaușescu leave Romania.
24 Dec 1989: Ion Iliescu, head of the newly formed Council of the National Salvation Front (NSF), signed a decree establishing the Extraordinary Military Tribunal, a drumhead court-martial to try the Ceaușescus for genocide and other crimes.
25 Dec 1989: Hastily-convened court trial lasts for approximately two hours and delivers death sentences to Nicolae & Elena Ceaușescu. Although nominally the Ceaușescus had a right of appeal, their execution followed immediately, just outside the improvised courtroom, being carried out by three paratroopers with their service rifles.
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1989 Romanian Revolution: Background Information
(WIKIPEDIA) – The 1989 Romanian Revolution (Romanian: Revoluția Română) was a period of violent civil uprising occurring within the space of about 10 days from mid-to-late Dec 1989 and was a part of the Revolutions of 1989 that toppled Communist regimes in several Eastern European countries.
Early peaceful protests had occurred in the eastern city of Timișoara on 16 Dec 1989 on the part of the Hungarian ethnic minority in response to an attempt by the communist government to evict Hungarian Reformed Church Pastor László Tőkés, who had reportedly been preaching on human rights and liberty.
As rumours spread that hundreds, if not thousands, had been killed in the Timișoara uprising, protests soon spread throughout Romania, ultimately culminating in the show trial and execution of longtime Communist Party General Secretary Nicolae Ceaușescu and his wife Elena (also the Deputy Prime Minister), and the end of 42 years of Communist rule in Romania.
The country’s ubiquitous secret police force, the much-feared Securitate, which was both one of the largest in the Eastern Bloc and for decades had been the main suppressor of popular dissent, frequently and violently quashing political disagreement, ultimately proved incapable of stopping the looming revolt.
Social and economic malaise had been present in Socialist Romania for quite some time, especially during the austerity years of the 1980s. The austerity measures were designed in part by the Ceaușescu regime to repay foreign debts.
By 1986, Romania had repaid half its external debt. By Jun 1989, the remaining external debt was fully repaid but this had come at a tremendous socio-economic price internally. Nevertheless, the austerity policies continued even after all the foreign debts had been fully repaid.
On 21 Dec 1989, shortly after a botched public speech by Ceaușescu in Bucharest that was broadcast to millions of Romanians on state television, rank-and-file members of the military switched, almost unanimously, from supporting the dictator to backing the protesting population.
Riots, street violence and murders in several Romanian cities over the course of roughly a week led the Romanian leader to flee Bucharest with his wife Elena on 22 Dec 1989.
Evading capture by hastily fleeing via helicopter effectively portrayed the couple as both fugitives and also acutely guilty of accused crimes.
Captured in the nearby town of Târgoviște, they were tried by a drumhead military tribunal on charges of genocide, damage to the national economy and abuse of power to execute military actions against the Romanian people.
They were convicted on all charges, sentenced to death, and immediately executed on Christmas Day 1989, and to this day, are the last people to be condemned to death and executed in Romania.
The Romanian Revolution involved the last removal of a Marxist-Leninist government in a Warsaw Pact member state during the events of 1989, and the only one that violently overthrew its government and executed its leader.
For more information, go to: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_Revolution
and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania
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